OBTENCIÓN DE CÉLULAS MADRE DEL TEJIDO ADIPOSO Y SU POTENCIAL DE DIFERENCIACIÓN ONTOGÉNICO - Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells, isolation and differentiation into the osteogenic lineage
OBTENCIÓN DE CÉLULAS MADRE DEL TEJIDO ADIPOSO Y SU POTENCIAL DE DIFERENCIACIÓN ONTOGÉNICO - Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells, isolation and differentiation into the osteogenic lineage
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Resumen
El tejido adiposo es una de las principales fuentes de células madre de fácil obtención y con alto potencial de diferenciación hacia linajes celulares especializados. Con el objetivo de estandarizar la obtención de estas células y dirigir su diferenciación hacia el linaje osteogénico, se utilizó tejido adiposo procedente de liposucción y de abdominoplastia. Se aplicaron métodos de disgregación mecánica y enzimática del tejido para obtener las células. La morfología celular obtenida fue similar a fibroblastos y a células madre reportadas por otros autores. Se encontró una mayor eficiencia en el procesamiento del lipoaspirado en comparación con el tejido resultante de abdominoplastia, y la disgregación enzimática del tejido permitió una mayor liberación de células y una temprana adhesión al plato de cultivo. La inducción de las células madre derivadas de lipoaspirado hacia el linaje osteogénico permitió la observación, mediante tinción con alizarina roja S, de depósitos de calcio en la matriz extracelular en las células bajo condiciones de diferenciación, pero no en aquellas sin suplementos osteogénicos. Se obtuvieron cultivos de celulas madre derivadas de lipoaspirado con capacidad de diferenciación hacia el linaje osteogénico, a través de inducción controlada, que podrían ser utilizadas en la ingeniería de tejido óseo.
Abstract— Adipose tissue is one of the main sources of stem cells readily available and with a high potential to differentiate into specific mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal lineages. Therefore, to standardize the collection of these cells, adipose tissue from surgical liposuctions and abdominoplasty was used. Methods of enzymatic and mechanical digestion were used to release the cells. With regard to cell morphology, the cells displayed a fi broblast-like spindleshaped morphology as cited by other authors. There was a higher efficiency in processing tissue from liposuctions compared with tissue from abdominoplasty. Likewise, the enzymatic digestion allowed faster initial cell adhesion than the mechanical digestion. Finally, calcium deposits were observed by alizarin red staining in cultures under osteogenic conditions, but were absent in cultures lacking osteogenic supplements. In conclusion, isolated adiposedderived stem cells were capable of osteogenic differentiation and therefore with potential applications in bone tissue engineering.
Abstract— Adipose tissue is one of the main sources of stem cells readily available and with a high potential to differentiate into specific mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal lineages. Therefore, to standardize the collection of these cells, adipose tissue from surgical liposuctions and abdominoplasty was used. Methods of enzymatic and mechanical digestion were used to release the cells. With regard to cell morphology, the cells displayed a fi broblast-like spindleshaped morphology as cited by other authors. There was a higher efficiency in processing tissue from liposuctions compared with tissue from abdominoplasty. Likewise, the enzymatic digestion allowed faster initial cell adhesion than the mechanical digestion. Finally, calcium deposits were observed by alizarin red staining in cultures under osteogenic conditions, but were absent in cultures lacking osteogenic supplements. In conclusion, isolated adiposedderived stem cells were capable of osteogenic differentiation and therefore with potential applications in bone tissue engineering.
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